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The lecture provides an introduction to fluid mechanics. Basic definitions are provided and the most important laws are introduced.

The lecture covers continuum mechanical basics, flow kinematics, conservation laws, hydrostatics, basics of similarity, Bernoulli equation etc.

Flow is analyzed according to different types of motion. Continuity equation and Navier-Stokes equation are derived and their solutions are presented.

It is shown how flow-induced forces are calculated using the integral momentum equation to solve various engineering problems.

Based on the conservation laws, hydrostatics is treated as a special case in fluid mechanics and applied to various cases.

Order-of-magnitude arguments are used to consider other special cases of the Navier-Stokes equation like the Stokes and the Euler equation.

The Bernoulli equation is derived, its applicability is discussed and it is used to determine pressure distributions and answer other engineering related questions of fluid mechanics.

Exercises complete the lecture. Students are instructed to apply their knowledge to solve fluid mechanical problems. null

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Vorlesung 2 SWS

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Im Rahmen der Vorlesung werden praktisch einsetzbare Methoden zur Berechnung allgemeiner turbulenter Strömungen vorgestellt.

Ausgangspunkt sind die Navier-Stokes-Gleichungen, die formal hergeleitet und anschließend zeitgemittelt werden.

Die durch die Mittelung auftretenden Zusatzterme werden physikalisch interpretiert und gebräuchliche mathematische Modelle (Turbulenzmodelle) zur Beschreibung dieser Terme eingeführt.

Die Anwendung der vorgestellten Turbulenzmodelle auf für die Praxis relevante turbulente Strömungen, wie z.B. Grenzschichten, Freistrahlen etc. wird im Detail diskutiert.

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For CEP: 4 SWS

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The course gives an overview over the measuring techniques used in fluid dynamics, their basics, their possibilities and their limitations.

The students shall be enabled to choose for a given task an appropriate measuring technique. Topics covered:

Introduction into measuring techniques, flow visualisation, pressure measurements, pneumatic measuring techniques, volume flow measurements, force measurements, strain gauges,

thermal velocity measurements, hot wire anemometry, laser Doppler anemometry, phase Doppler anemometry,

particle image velocimetry, data acquisition, signal processing, statistics, time series analysis. null

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Bewertet wird zu einem speziellen Thema ein Vortrag und eine schriftliche Ausarbeitung

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Das Praktikum soll die in der Vorlesung Strömungsmechanik I (Kernfach) gewonnenen theoretischen Kenntnisse vertiefen

und den Studenten Erfahrungen mit Strömungen und den Umgang mit ausgewählten Meßtechniken näherbringen.

Die folgenden Praktikumsversuche werden durchgeführt.

*Rohrwiderstand:*
Der Einfluss der Geometrie, Reynoldszahl und Oberflächenrauheit auf das Widerstandsverhalten von durchströmten Rohren und Rohrleitungselementen

(Krümmern, Ventilen, etc.) wird anhand einer Wasserströmung messtechnisch erfaßt. Für das Experiment wird ein Aufbau mit einem geschlossenen Kreislauf eingesetzt.

Verschiedene Methoden zur Messung von Volumenströmen durch Rohre, wie magneto-induktive und Blenden-Messtechniken, werden eingesetzt und verglichen.

*LDA-basierte Durchflussmesstechnik:*
Anhand einer modernen Messtechnik auf Laser-Doppler-Basis wird der Durchfluß von Wasser durch ein Rohrleitungssystem gemessen.

Die Grundlagen der Laser-Doppler-Anemometrie werden erläutert, und Messungen werden durchgeführt und mit Ergebnissen aus Versuchen verglichen.

Als Grundvoraussetzung für die Anwendung dieser LDA-Messtechnik ist die Laminarität der Strömung wichtig.

No planned appointments for this parallel group yet.

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1. Übung in der zweiten Vorlesungswoche

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Geschäftsstelle des Elitestudiengangs Advanced Materials and Processes (MAP)

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- Motivation, history organization of the lecture
- Introduction, continuum, pressure, surface tension
- Scalars, vectors and tensors
- Fluid statics and buoyancy
- Governing equations: Integral analysis of fluid flow
- Governing equations: Differential analysis of fluid flow
- Spcial forms of governing equations
- Similitude, dimensional analysis, and modeling
- Solutions of basic internal and external flows
- Applied examples of the course material

The Students
- will learn the mathematical fundamentals of integral and differential modeling fluid flows
- can classify different types of fluid flow phenomena and derive the necessary non-dimensional parameters
- can simplify and utilize mathematical models for the solution of different types of flows
- have the chance to see the direct application of the content in the research and development work conducted at LSTM-Erlangen

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No planned appointments for this parallel group yet.

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The course is taught on campus.

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ECTS-Credits: 7,5 einschließlich Praktikum

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Rheology studies material deformation und flow properties. It mainly focusses on material behavior of complex matter. This includes practically all materials of biologic origin like cells, tissue, body fluids, biopolymers and proteins but also most of the chemical systems like, in general, polymer melts and solutions, suspensions, emulsions, foams or gels. This knowledge and the required measurement techniques are of major importance in developing engineering solutions. This includes the determination of rheological properties of new materials but also of biological systems, their changes due to diseases or due to medical treatment. It is indispensable for the proper design of process plants (e.g. pressure loss, stirrer and pump selection, load limits of cells e.g. in 3D printing and bioreactors, etc.), process control (e.g. in printing, coating, varnishing, spraying, extrusion, labeling) as well as for meeting quality standards of the product (food, cosmetics, detergents, etc.).
The course Rheology/Rheometry deals with the primary flow and deformation properties during steady and time dependent stress. Besides empirical constitutive equations, the influence of the microstructure on the rheological behavior is presented. Techniques for measuring the material behavior (rheometrical, online-, inline-viscometers, rheo-optical) and the impact of typical measurement errors, their avoidance or correction are described.
Exercises complete the lecture. Students are instructed to apply their knowledge to rheological problems und to develop appropriate solutions. There exists the possibility to acquaint oneself with rheological measurement devices and methods in a practical course. null

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The lecture is an advanced course in fluid mechanics. Dimensional analysis and similarity are introduced as basic tools in fluid mechanics. Using dimensional analysis, areas of fluid mechanics that are of rather general importance in engineering are presented. These cover creeping and time dependent flows as well as potential and boundary-layer flows and turbulent and compressible flows.
Exercises complete the lecture. Students are instructed to analyze, evaluate and finally solve fluid mechanical problems. null

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- Funktionsprinzip der Turbomaschinen
- Leistungsbilanzen, Wirkungsgrade, Zustandsverläufe
- Ähnlichkeitskennzahlen
- Kennlinien und Kennfelder.
- Betriebsverhalten
- Grundbegriffe der Gitterströmung
- Kräfte an Gitterschaufeln
- Schaufelgitter
- Gehäuse
- CFD für Turbomaschinen
- Grundlagen Windturbinen
- Akustik

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Turbulence decomposition
(mean flow, turbulent stresses, higher-order moments);

second order moments (anisotropy tensor, invariants);

anisotropy invariant mapping of turbulence in wall-bounded flows;

turbulent viscosity, Prandtl-Kolmogorov formula;

dynamics of turbulence dissipation rate;

twopoint correlation technique (locally homogeneous turbulence);

dissipation rate equation (closure model);

velocity-pressure gradient correlations
(Poisson equation, Chou’s integral, slow and fast parts of correlations);

turbulence transport (closure approximation);

predictions (homogeneous shear flows, wall-bounded flows, transitional flows)

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- Strömungsmechanische Grundlagen (Grundgleichungen, Turbulenz, Wirbelstärke, Kompressible
Strömungen)
- Akustik (Wellengleichung, Greensche Funktion, Monopol, Dipol und
Quadrupole)
- Akustische Analogie (Lighthill-Analogie, Curle-Theorie, Vortex-Schall, APEGleichungen)
- Aeroakustische Messverfahren und Messeinrichtungen
- Hybride numerische CAA-Verfahren
- Anwendungen: Tonaler Schall: Zylinder
- Breitbandlärm: Stufe Freistrahllärm, Tragflügellärm, Turbomaschinen
Windenergieanlagen, Akustik der menschlichen Stimme
- Beurteilung der Schallwahrnehmung

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Bewertet wird zu einem speziellen Thema ein Vortrag und eine schriftliche Ausarbeitung

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The theory given in the lectures and applied in the exercise class is implemented into computer programs in this practical class.

The following problems are solved with matlab/octave programs:

- the Blasius-similarity equations
- heat-transfer problems
- boundary layer equations
- flow of fluid in a lid-driven cavity

The students who successfully complete this practical class should:

- be able to write matlab/octave problems solving transport problems
- understand the convergence and accuracy of a method in practical situations
- write a program to solve the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations
- work in team and write reports describing the results and significance of a simulation

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Hier wird den Studierenden die Gelegenheit gegeben nachzuweisen, daß
sie den Vorlesungsstoff nicht nur verstanden, sondern auch auf
andere Methoden anwenden könnnen.

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ACHTUNG! Die erste Übung findet am 24.10.22 statt!

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